GB/T 27854-2011

Environmental risk assessors, chemical registration authorities, and soil ecotoxicology laboratories use this standard to evaluate the impact of chemicals on soil microbial nitrogen transformation. It is primarily applied to test agricultural chemicals (e.g., pesticides, fertilizers) and non-agricultural chemicals for their potential disruption of the nitrogen cycle in soil. This standard is critical for protecting soil fertility and ecosystem health, as nitrogen transformation is a key biochemical process sustaining soil productivity.

环境风险评估人员、化学品登记机构以及土壤生态毒理实验室使用该标准来评估化学品对土壤微生物氮转化功能的影响。该标准主要用于测试农用化学品（如农药、化肥）和非农用化学品对土壤中氮循环过程的潜在干扰。它对于保护土壤肥力和生态系统健康至关重要，因为氮转化是维持土壤生产力的关键生化过程。

This standard specifies the method for the soil microorganisms nitrogen transformation test of chemicals, applicable for assessing the long-term negative effects of a single chemical exposure on soil microbial nitrogen transformation activity. The test involves applying the test substance to soil, incubating for 28 days (extendable to 100 days if needed), and comparing nitrate formation rates between treatment and control groups to evaluate toxicity. The standard details soil selection, sample preparation, test concentration setting, incubation conditions, and data analysis methods, providing a technical basis for environmental risk assessment.

本标准规定了化学品土壤微生物氮转化试验的方法，适用于评估化学品单次暴露后对土壤微生物氮转化活性的长期负面影响。试验通过将受试物施入土壤，培养28天（必要时延长至100天），比较处理组与对照组的硝酸盐形成率来评估毒性。标准详细描述了土壤选择、样品制备、试验浓度设置、培养条件及数据分析方法，为环境风险评估提供技术依据。