HJ 533-2009
Air and exhaust gas―Determination of ammonia―Nessler’s reagent spectrophotometry
环境空气和废气 氨的测定 纳氏试剂分光光度法
Catalogue
前言 → 1 适用范围 → 2 方法原理 → 3 干扰及消除 → 4 试剂和材料 → 5 仪器和设备 → 6 样品 → 7 分析步骤 → 8 结果计算 → 9 准确度和精密度 → 10 质量保证和质量控制 Foreword → 1 Scope → 2 Principle of method → 3 Interference and elimination → 4 Reagents and materials → 5 Instruments and equipment → 6 Sample → 7 Analysis procedure → 8 Calculation of results → 9 Accuracy and precision → 10 Quality assurance and quality control
Scope
This standard specifies the Nessler's reagent spectrophotometric method for the determination of ammonia in ambient air and industrial exhaust gas. This standard is applicable to the determination of ammonia in ambient air, and also to the determination of ammonia in exhaust gas from pharmaceutical, chemical, coking and other industrial sectors. The detection limit of this method is 0.5 μg/10 mL of absorption solution. When the absorption solution volume is 50 mL and the sampling volume is 10 L, the detection limit for ammonia is 0.25 mg/m³, the lower limit of determination is 1.0 mg/m³, and the upper limit of determination is 20 mg/m³. When the absorption solution volume is 10 mL and the sampling volume is 45 L, the detection limit for ammonia is 0.01 mg/m³, the lower limit of determination is 0.04 mg/m³, and the upper limit of determination is 0.88 mg/m³.
本标准规定了测定环境空气和工业废气中氨的纳氏试剂分光光度法。本标准适用于环境空气中氨的测定，也适用于制药、化工、炼焦等工业行业废气中氨的测定。本标准的方法检出限为0.5μg/10mL 吸收液。当吸收液体积为50mL，采气10L 时，氨的检出限为0.25mg/m3，测定下限为1.0 mg/m3，测定上限20 mg/m3。当吸收液体积为10mL，采气45L 时，氨的检出限为0.01mg/m3，测定下限0.04mg/m3，测定上限0.88mg/m3。
Keywords
Application Summary AI generated
Environmental monitoring agencies and industrial enterprises use this standard to measure ammonia concentrations in ambient air and industrial exhaust gases. It provides accurate and reliable results through Nessler's reagent spectrophotometry, helping to assess air quality and control industrial emissions. This standard is important because it replaces the previous version, adds quality control provisions, and improves detection accuracy and safety.
环境监测机构和工业企业使用该标准来测定环境空气和工业废气中的氨浓度。它通过纳氏试剂分光光度法提供准确可靠的检测结果，帮助评估空气质量并控制工业排放。该标准的重要性在于它替代了旧版标准，增加了质量控制条款，提高了检测的准确性和安全性。
AI Summary AI generated
This standard specifies the Nessler's reagent spectrophotometric method for determining ammonia in ambient air and industrial exhaust gas. The principle involves absorbing ammonia with dilute sulfuric acid, reacting with Nessler's reagent to form a yellow-brown complex, and measuring absorbance at 420 nm. The detection limit is 0.5 μg/10 mL of absorption solution, and it is applicable to industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and coking. The standard adds quality assurance and quality control provisions, including ammonia-free water checks and full-process blanks, to ensure result accuracy.
本标准规定了用纳氏试剂分光光度法测定环境空气和工业废气中氨的方法。方法原理是用稀硫酸吸收氨，与纳氏试剂反应生成黄棕色络合物，在420nm波长测量吸光度。检出限为0.5μg/10mL吸收液，适用于制药、化工、炼焦等行业。标准增加了质量保证和质量控制条款，包括无氨水检查、采样全程空白等，确保结果准确性。
Key Sentences extracted from text
用稀硫酸溶液吸收空气中的氨，生成的铵离子与纳氏试剂反应生成黄棕色络合物，该络合物的吸光度与氨的含量成正比，在420nm 波长处测量吸光度，根据吸光度计算空气中氨的含量。
样品中含有三价铁等金属离子、硫化物和有机物时干扰测定，可通过下列方法消除。
分析时加入0.50mL 酒石酸钾钠溶液（4.6）络合掩蔽，可消除三价铁等金属离子的干扰。
若样品因产生异色而引起干扰（如硫化物存在时为绿色）时，可在样品溶液中加入稀盐酸去除干扰。
某些有机物质（如甲醛）生成沉淀干扰测定，可在比色前用0.1mol/L 的盐酸溶液（4.7）将吸收液酸化到pH 不大于2 后煮沸除之。
Ammonia in the air is absorbed by a dilute sulfuric acid solution, and the generated ammonium ions react with Nessler's reagent to form a yellow-brown complex; the absorbance of this complex is proportional to the ammonia content, and the absorbance is measured at a wavelength of 420 nm to calculate the ammonia content in the air.
Interference in the determination occurs when the sample contains metal ions such as ferric iron, sulfides, and organic substances, and can be eliminated by the following methods.
During analysis, add 0.50 mL of potassium sodium tartrate solution (4.6) for complexation masking to eliminate interference from metal ions such as ferric iron.
If interference is caused by abnormal color in the sample (e.g., green color due to sulfides), add dilute hydrochloric acid to the sample solution to remove the interference.
Certain organic substances (e.g., formaldehyde) form precipitates that interfere with the determination; before colorimetry, acidify the absorption solution with 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution (4.7) to pH not greater than 2 and then boil to remove them.
Standard Timeline
Changes from replaced version:
- 增加了警告。
- 增加了吸收液体积为10mL 的采样方式及其检出限。
- 增加了质量保证和质量控制条款，其中包括：无氨水的检查、采样全程空白、试剂配制和采样的注意事项等。
- 合并了结果的计算公式。
- Added warning.
- Added sampling method with absorption solution volume of 10 mL and its detection limit.
- Added quality assurance and quality control provisions, including: check of ammonia-free water, full-process blank of sampling, precautions for reagent preparation and sampling, etc.
- Merged the calculation formulas for results.