GB/T 42986.1-2023

This standard establishes a framework for developing ontologies in the geographic information domain, defining core concepts, relationships, and rules for semantic interoperability. It is applied in GIS software development, spatial data infrastructure projects, and cross-system data integration where consistent interpretation of geographic features (e.g., land use, transportation networks) is required. The framework supports data sharing and reasoning across heterogeneous systems in fields like urban planning, environmental monitoring, and smart city applications.